Amalgam Filling

What is an Amalgam Filling?
Amalgam fillings are also known as silver fillings. Amalgam is obtained by mixing an alloy of silver, tin, and copper with mercury. Mercury binds the metals together, creating a durable filling material. They have a history of over 150 years.

Is the mercury in amalgam harmful to the body?
The mercury in amalgam fillings is not toxic. When mercury combines with other metals, its chemical structure changes and it becomes harmless. The amount of mercury released in the mouth as a result of using amalgam fillings is much smaller than the amount found in water, air, or food. However, care should be taken during the removal or replacement of fillings, and the procedure should be performed using a strong suction system.

Why do dentists prefer or avoid using amalgam fillings?
Amalgam is a long-lasting and the most affordable filling material. Compared to other types of fillings, it can be applied more easily and in a shorter time. Its application procedure is much simpler than adhesive systems. However, amalgam fillings can cause tooth discoloration over the years, and their surface may deteriorate due to chemical and electrical reactions. An electrical current may occur between the amalgam fillings and saliva, creating a metallic or battery-like taste in the mouth. Amalgam should also not be used in individuals with a confirmed allergy to mercury.
For these reasons, with the advancement of adhesive systems and the ability to use composite fillings comfortably even in posterior areas exposed to strong chewing forces, the use of amalgam fillings has become very limited today. Furthermore, modern composite fillings bond not only mechanically but also chemically to the tooth, and they do not require as much tooth material to be removed as in amalgam fillings. This allows for minimally invasive preparations that achieve highly successful and aesthetic results, leading both dentists and patients to move away from amalgam fillings.

What should patients pay attention to after an amalgam filling?
After an amalgam filling is placed, the patient should avoid using the treated side of the mouth for 24 hours to allow the filling to reach its maximum hardness and durability. Patients should be advised not to chew hard foods on that side. A follow-up appointment should be scheduled after 24 hours for polishing the filling.

Lifespan of an Amalgam Filling
The lifespan of an amalgam filling depends on several factors. These include the amount of tooth structure lost, the location of the cavity, and the patient’s attention to oral hygiene.

Can an Amalgam Filling Be Removed?
If there is no decay under an amalgam filling and the filling fits the tooth properly, it should not be removed but can be polished. Removing it unnecessarily can create an extra cost for the patient and increases the risk that the dentist may inadvertently remove some healthy tooth tissue. For these reasons, amalgam fillings should not be removed unless necessary.

What Should I Do If My Amalgam Filling Falls Out?
If an amalgam filling falls out, the person should prevent the piece from being swallowed or staying in the mouth. A fallen filling can cause pain and there is a risk of the unsupported parts of the tooth breaking. Therefore, to eliminate these risks as soon as possible, you should visit your dentist and have the filling replaced.

Does an Amalgam Filling Cause Bad Breath?
Amalgam fillings do not cause bad breath as long as they are properly placed by the dentist and well cared for by the patient.